With adoption of euro as the national currency in 2023, a marten continues to be depicted on the obverse of the Croatian 1 euro coin. A marten is depicted on the obverse of the 1-, 2-, and 5- kuna coins, minted since 1993, and on the reverse of the 25-kuna commemorative coins. This is one of the reasons why the Croatian word for marten, kuna, was the name of the former Croatian currency. The banovac, a coin struck and used between 12, included the image of a marten. The marturina was a form of tax named after this. In the Middle Ages, marten pelts were highly valued goods used as a form of payment in Slavonia, the Croatian Littoral, and Dalmatia. The locals place a high value on this pelt, typically trading it for consumable goods. During the fur trade, commissioned by the Hudson Bay Company in the 18th and 19th centuries, the marten pelt was typically fashioned into mittens. The marten is populous in the northern Ontario community of Big Trout Lake. They are weaned after around two months, and leave the mother to fend for themselves at about three to four months of age. Litters of up to five blind and nearly hairless kits are born in early spring. Martens are solitary animals, meeting only to breed in late spring or early summer. ( August 2022) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. The form marten is from late 16c., perhaps due to association with the masc. In Middle English the animal itself typically was called marter, directly from Old French martre, but martrin took over this sense in English after c. Or it might be a substrate word or a Germanic euphemism for the real name of the animal, which might have been taboo. Some suggest it is from PIE *martu- "bride," on some fancied resemblance. adjective martrin "of or pertaining to the marten," from martre "marten," from Frankish *martar or some other Germanic source, from Proto-Germanic *marthuz (source also of Old Saxon marthrin "of or pertaining to the marten," Old Frisian merth, Middle Dutch maerter, Dutch marter, Old High German mardar, German Marder, Old English mearþ, Old Norse mörðr "marten"). 1300, martrin, "skin or fur of the marten," from Old French martrine "marten fur," noun use of fem. Old English mearþ, Old Norse mörðr, and Old High German and Yiddish מאַרדאַר mardar.Īgile, short-legged, bushy-tailed, medium-sized carnivorous mammal in the weasel family, largely nocturnal and found in forests across the colder parts of the northern hemisphere, c. The Modern English "marten" comes from the Middle English 'Mearth' or martryn in turn borrowed from the Anglo-French martrine and Old French martre ( Latin martes), itself from a Germanic source cf. Several fossil martens have been described, including:Īnother described fossil species, Martes nobilis from the Holocene, is now considered synonymous with the American marten. Russia, Eastern Kazakhstan, China, North Korea and Hokkaidō, Japan Spain and Portugal in the west, through Central and Southern Europe, the Middle East and Central Asia, extending as far east as the Altai and Tien Shan mountains and northwest ChinaĪfghanistan and Pakistan, in the Himalayas of India, Nepal and Bhutan, the Korean Peninsula, southern China, Taiwan and eastern Russia. Southeast Alaska to central California, east to northern New MexicoĮurope and SW Asia, from Ireland in the west, eastward to the Urals and into Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Mesopotamia and northern Iran. The genus first evolved up to seven million years ago during the Miocene epoch.Īrctic Alaska east to Newfoundland, south to New York Results of DNA research indicate that the genus Martes is paraphyletic, with some studies placing Martes americana outside the genus and allying it with Eira and Gulo, to form a new New World clade. Martens are slender, agile animals, adapted to living in the taiga, which inhabit coniferous and northern deciduous forests across the Northern Hemisphere. The fur varies from yellowish to dark brown, depending on the species it is valued by animal trappers for the fur trade. They have bushy tails and large paws with partially retractile claws. A marten is a weasel-like mammal in the genus Martes within the subfamily Guloninae, in the family Mustelidae.
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